2- Past Participle

For understanding Present Participle used in every books,we hope that you will be satisfied yourself and then we will continue to study Past Participle that must always be remembered only passive voice after that it can be placed in three kinds of position; Subject, Object and Preposition Object and so we must study it into Subject position .

            Firstly you should write one sentence that must be Passive Voice down on the paper.Therefore,it must be continued to think what it is or what it is going on or how it is.

2-Past Participle Placed in Subject Position

Passive/Voice

Example-1       English is used in the world. (Passive/Voice)

We have to think about English placed in Subject position what it can be or how it is.

Example-         English is very interesting.

There are many kinds of example that English can be but the one we like suitably must be chosen. When we combine these two sentences ,we should make one verb=(predicate)to be Past Participle.(is used- used)

And then we should take care of what we choose to Predicate=(verb) must be Passive/Voice.

Used in the world, English is very interesting .

Note –If we study Past Participle placed in Subject,we can make it TRANSFER and METAPHOR and although it can be changed into three kinds of sentences construction ,the meaning of it is the same ever.

Sentence transfer-English is very interesting,used in the world.

Subject metaphor-English, used in the world, is very interesting.

Combining  sentences ,having only one predicate(is very interesting) called Simple Sentence

Example-2       “Thanyawzin” was sung by Lay Phyu.(Passive/Voice)

What we must think is about “Thanyawzin” that can be done into the next sentence.

Example-         “Thanyawzin” is listened with my sweetheart sitting beside me.

We have to make one predicate change to be Past Participle when these two sentences are combined.

Sung by Lay Phyu, “Thanyawzin” is listened with my sweetheart sitting beside me.

Sentence transfer-“Thanyawzin” is listened with my sweetheart sitting beside me,sung by Lay Phyu.

Subject metaphor-“Thanyawzin”,sung by Lay Phyu, is listened with my sweetheart sitting beside me.

Example-3       You are chosen in my heart.(Passive/Voice)

Thinking why you are chosen ;you will probably be beautiful,clever,intelligent, and rich ,you must create one sentence ,choosing one of them you interest.

Example-         You are very beautiful.

Making one predicate change to be past participle ,we can combine like this.(are chosen- chosen)

Chosen in my heart,you are very beautiful.

Sentence transfer-You are very beautiful,chosen in my heart.

Subject metaphor-You ,chosen in my heart,are very beautiful.

Having only one predicate (are very beautiful) called Simple Sentence

Exercise

*Using TRANSFER and METAPHOR, combine these sentences given below.

1-      She is given to I-Pad on her birthday.

She seems  so happy.

2-      Our calendar is named for Pope Gregory.

Our calendar is called the Gregorian Calendar.

3-      They are used correctly.

They can improve the quality of products.

*Separate these sentences combined, doing  your best.

1-      Cooked by my mother,dinner is eaten happily in the evening.

2-      Known as a golden land,Myanmar country has a lot of Pagodas.

3-      Remembered so much,you are phoned immediately.

*Creating three simple sentences in Subject position and using TRANSFER and METAPHOR,you must do your best.

2- Past Participle placed in object position

Passive/Voice

After Past Participle Placed in Subject position has been studied, it will be placed in Object and

thought what can be done into the next sentence and so write one sentence down up to Object Position.

Example-1       I  like my friend.

We must think why my friend is liked or what my friend can be told or suggested something like that.

Example-         My friend is told not to smoke any more.(Passive/Voice)

When we combine these two sentence, we must change one predicate to be Past Participle.(is told- told)

I like my friend told not to smoke any  more.

Having only one predicate (like) called Simple Sentence

Object metaphor- I like my friend told not to smoke any more.

Example-2       I remember you.

Mention what (you ) can be done to be combined into next sentence.When  we  remember someone,write what we are usually doing.

Example-         You are phoned.(Passive/Voice)

When combining these two sentences,we can see it as below.

I remember you phoned.

Having only one predicate(remember) called Simple Sentence.

Object metaphor-I remember you phoned.

Example-3       I buy an apple.

An apple that we must firstly think is what can be done and why an apple is bought.

Example-         An apple is eaten with my sweetheart sitting together.

When these two sentences are combined, we can see it as below.

I buy an apple eaten with my sweetheart sitting together.

Having only one predicate(buy) called Simple Sentence

Object metaphor-I buy an apple eaten with my sweetheart sitting together.

Exercise

*Combining these sentences  given ,think the right way and write them down.

1-      I find the keys.

The keys are lost.

2-      I see a mouse.

A mouse is caught by a cat.

3-      I listen “If we never meet again”.

It was sung by Vi Noe Tun.

*Separate these sentence combined,doing your best.

1-      I hate him left without saying anything.

2-      She has a problem solved by herself.

3-      I can not forget her very loved.

*Creating three simple sentences placed in Object, do your best.

Past Participle placed in Preposition Object Position

Passive/Voice

Writing one sentence down up to Preposition Object firstly,we must continue to think about it

what can be combined into next sentence.

Example-1       We are talking about composition.

Think why composition is being taught and studied or what can be done.

Example-         Composition is used in the world.(Passive/Voice)

We can see it as below,when they are combined.

We are talking about composition used in the world.

Having only one predicate (are talking) called Simple Sentence

Preposition Object metaphor- We are talking about composition used in the world.

Example-2       I am looking for the one.

Think why you are looking for the one or what the one can be done.

Example-         The one was met in Japan.(Passive/Voice)

When combined,they can be seen as below.

I am looking for the one met in Japan.

Having only one predicate(am looking) called Simple Sentence

Preposition Object metaphor-I am looking for the one met in Japan.

Example-3       I do not know much about cooking.

Think about cooking what can be done.

Example-         Cooking is shown by mother .(Passive/Voice)

When they are combined,we can see it as below.

I do not know much about cooking shown by mother.

Having only one predicate (do not know) called Simple Sentence

Preposition Object metaphor-I do not know much about cooking shown by mother.

Exercise

*Combine these sentences given,trying so hard.

1-      I am waiting for her.

She is invited to my birthday.

2-      I am gazing the blue sky at the full moon night.

The full moon night is assumed as a great day by Myanmar people.

3-      You should look at these examples.

These examples are explained.

*Separate these sentence given,doing your best.

1-      I am listening to the music composed by KAT.

2-      She is thinking of someone dreamt at night.

3-      He is thinking about it done.

*Create three simple sentence placed in Preposition Object,doing your best.